Bake oven



Sept. 13, 1932. R. BoLLlNG r1,876,843

BAKE OVEN Filed Dec. 19,' 1930 INVENTOR. FUEL-'R7' B01 l ING BY 1:/ C? 5P 24 ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 13, 1932 UNITED-STATES ROBERT IBOLLING, FDETROIT, MICHIGAN.

I BAKE ovE'N Appneatie sled n'eeenbe 19,1930. serial No. 503.455. 'l

This invention relates to a1' bake oven and V has to do especially witha rotary oven wherein the articles which are heat treated or baked aremoved through the heat chamber. Y The A object of the invention is theprovision of an improved bake oven structure, and in this regard thereare several novel features V which taken singly, or incombination'servejto'provide an oven of improved operation. VThesepoints of novelty will be brought out in the detailed description. l

' Fig. 1 isa front elevational view `of v,an oven constructed inaccordance with the invention. .1 i,

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof. Y Fig. 3 is a vertical sectiontakenon line 3-3 of Fig. 4:. Fig. 4L is a horizontal section takensubstantially on line 4 4 of Fig. 3. v

Fig. 5 is a detailed perspective showing the heating unit and theinterior of the oven.

The oven consists of a wall structure, and this wall structure may beyof multi-sided arrangement. This is illustrated in Figs. 2` and 4wherein the particular voven shown is' of octagonal shape. A greater'orless number of sides may be provided. l`The outer wall shown generallyVatV 1 is made upjof members which may be in the form of sheet metalplates 2 bent intermediate their length tol form the corners 3. Adjacentplates'arejoinedpreferably on a flat side of the oven, as illustrated at4:; this joint may comprise a TIV iron which may be constructed bytwo'an'gle irons placed back to back with the oppositely extendingplates suitably united or secured to the T iron. These plates'orsections may be suitably nished as by means of porcelain or the like. Asshown in Fig. 1 there may be a central reinforcing band 5. There may bean -inner wall similar to the outer wall composed of sections 6 shapedto correspond to the shape of the outer wall and joined at theirends asat 7 The inner and outer walls may be spaced apart for insulationpurposesyand a `suitable insulation material such as asbestos substance8 may be disposed between the walls. At the bottom of the furnacethespace Vbetween the walls is closed as at 9 'while' the interior of theoven'is preferably provided with a bottom or jent instance there aretwo.

eration. j unloading the shaft may berotated lby means so ofthehandwheel 30 and the connections floor 10'with an outer bottom or floorV11between which there may be asuitable insulation 12. The top of theoven may be double having an outer top 13 and an inner top 1 4 withinsulation 15 between them. Theinsulation 8,' 12 65 and 15 may comprisesubstantially onesurrounding body of insulation materiah i As lshown inFig. 5 the heat unit is shown as having ay fireboX 20, a top 21. jTheoven. is provided with a' suitable door 22 in align- 030' lment withthe fire boX. The'fuel may be gas The goods to be bakedinay be disposedon shelves in the oven and preferably there are a plurality of suchshelves. In the pres- '(0 j These-"shelves are preferably rotatable,`and for this purpose there is a central shaft 25. The upper shelf isshown at 26,1while the lower 'shelf is at 27, both carriedby the shaft'to be ro- 75 tated thereby. Suitablemeans suchlas an electric motor`28through reduction 'gears 29 may rotate the sha-ft 'during the baking op-For the purpose of l.loading and shown. l y j y j. Thecentral shaft maybel insulatedfrom heat'kin its lower portion as illustrated ,at

31.` The heated currents may be directed in 85 such manner as to flowacross the goods lbeing baked. In this regard the lower shelf 27 may beprovided with va central opening Vthrough which the heated currents.pass as illustrated by the arrows. n In this central 9U opening may bepositioned a pipe-like member 32 having at its upper end an outwardlyextending flange or deflector 33. It will ,be notedlthat the heatedcurrents accordingly pass through the member 32 and by reason 95 ofdeflector 33 the,y heated. currents are brought up close to the underside of the upper shelf 26. This shelf *is closed or substantiallyclosed in its central portiovrnsbutY its edges are removed from theinner'walls'Y 100 substantially the same heat may be oom-V municated toboth; on. the 'othery hand,a predetermined controlled relation may beprovided wherein one shelf is a little hotter Accordingly, the delectorbrings the heated currents'close to the unthan the other.

derside of the upper shelf; the lower shelf may be protected by apartition 34V positoned below the shelf 27. This partition may be raisedor lowered as desiredY varyilg the space between it .andthe lower shelf2 .Accordingly with this partition and with the defiector thearrangement of the parte may vbe such that a substantially unir ormheating action is obtained bothv in the upper and lower shelves. Thepartition 34 inV close proximity thereto whilev the heated gases aredirected up to the upper shelf. The

lpartition 34 and the shelves may be of suitable refractory material.

The partition 34 has `a central opening 35 which-may be in alignmentwith the member 32.

The heated products of combustion may ass out of thelirerchamberythrough open- 1ngs40 into the lower compartment below thepartition 34 and then into fiues 4l in the Wall of theoven. Whereas thefire box may be at the forward side of the oven ythe flues may beat therear side, as best illusvtrated in Fig. 4. These flues may extendupwardly` in the wall of the oven and direct the produc-ts of combustioninto an upperA compartment 42 cut off from the kcompartment containingthe shelves and bake goods by a floor 43, and in the compartment 42thecentral shaft may be insulated asv at 48. The flues 41' may open intothe rear'part of the compartment 42 while the smoke pipe may be at Y thefront, asl illustrated at 44.

.Thus the products of combustion traverse the lower end of the oven fromfront to rear, n

pass upwardly into the top of the oven and then vagain traverse the ovenfrom rear to front,l then out the smoke stack. This affords an efficientoven from the standpoint v Iclaim, j

1. In a bake oven, walls defining an enclosure, a plurality ofvertically spaced shelves for supporting bake goods, a heat unit in thelower part of the enclosure, the lower shelf being provided with lasubstantially centrally disposed opening, the upper shelf beingsubstantially closed. centrally but spaced from the walls at its edges,and a deflector associated with the lower shelf for directing heatedcurrents which passthroughthe Vopening in the lower shelf into closeproximity with the upper shelf.

2.In a bake oven, the combination of walls defining an enclosure, a heatunit in the lowerpart` of the enclosure, a plurality of verticallyspaced shelves for supporting bake Y goods alternately opened and closednear their central portion, andV a deilector meinber positioned to`direct heated current-s which pass through the central opening of oneshelf in close proximity tothe upper shelf. Y

. 3. In a bake oven, walls'delining an oven enclosure, a lower rotaryshelf, an upper roi tary shelf, `a central opening in the lower protectsthe lower shelf from the intense heat shelf, a tubular like memberassociated with said opening for directing heated currents which passthrough saidropening into close proximity to the uppershelf.

4. In a bake oven, walls defining an oven enclosure, a heat unit in thelower portion of the enclosure, a lower rotary shelf having a centralopening-for the passage of heated currents therethrough, an upper rotaryshelf,

and av tubular like member positioned in association with the opening inthe lower shelf 'for 'directing heated currents substantially againstthe under side of the upper shelf.

5. In a bake oven, walls defining an oven enclosure, a heat unit in thelower portion of the enclosure, a lower rotary shelf having a centralopening for theA passage of heated currents therethrough, an upperrotary shelf, and a tubular like member positioned in associ ation withthe opening in the low-er shelf for directing heated currentssubstantially againstv thev under side of the upper shelf, said-*uppershelf being substantially closed ink itscentral zone with its outeredgesspaced from said walls.

6. In a bake oven, walls defining an oven enclosure, a heat unit in thelower portion of the enclosure, a lower rotary shelf having .a centralopening for the passage of heated currents therethrough, an upper rotaryshelf, and a tubular like member positioned in association with theopening in the lower shelf for'directing heated currents substantiallyagainst the under side of the upper shelf,

said tubular like member having an outwardly flared deflector at itsupper end.

7 In a bake oven, walls defining an'oven enclosure, a heat unit in thelower portion of the enclosure, a lower rotary shelf having a centralopening for the passage of heated currents therethrough, an upper rotaryshelf, and a tubular like member positioned in association with theopening in the lower shelf for directing heated currents substantiallyagainst the und-er side of the upper shelf, said tubular like memberhaving an outwardly flared deflector at its upper end, said upper shelfbeing substantially closed in its central zone with its edges spacedfrom said enclosure walls.

8. In a bake oven, walls defining an oven enclosure, a heat unit in thelower part of the enclosure, two rotary shelves positioned one above theother, and both above the heat unit, the lower shelf having a centralopening therethrough, the upper shelf being substantially closed in itscentral zone butits edges spaced from said enclosure walls, whereby heatin -currents passes through said opening toward the upper shelf, and aprotector partition positioned between the lower shelf and the heatunit.

9. In a bake oven, walls defining an oven enclosure, a heat unit in thelower part of the enclosure, upper and lower rotary shelves for bakegoods, the lower one having a central opening and the upper one with itsedge spaced from the enclosure walls, a protector partition positionedbelow the lower shelf, and means for directing heated air currents whichpass through the central opening of the lower shelf into close proximitywiththe under side of the upper shelf.

10. In a bake oven, walls defining an oven enclosure, a heat unit in thelower part of the enclosure, upper and lower rotary shelves for bakegoods, the lower one having a Vcentral opening and the upper one withits edge spaced from the enclosure walls, a protector partitionpositioned below the lower shelf, and means for directing heated aircurrents which pass through the central opening of the lower shelf intoclose proximity with the under side of the upper shelf, said means Ycomprising a conduit like member located in said opening of the lowershelf.

, 11. In a bake oven, walls defining an oven enclosure, a heat unit inthe lower part vof the enclosure, upper and lower rotary shelves forbake goods, the lower one having a cen- Y tral opening and the upper onewith its edge spaced from the enclosure walls, a protector partitionpositioned below the lower shelf, and means for directing heated aircurrents

